Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The working…
Category: CCNA R&S
Routing and Switching
Link-State Routing
Link-state routing differs from distance-vector routing in that each router knows the exact topology of the network. This reduces the number of bad routing decisions that can be made because every router…
Routing Protocols
There are two types of dynamic routing protocols: Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) and External Gateway Protocols (EGP). IGPs are used to exchange routing information within an autonomous system (AS), which is a…
Routing Tables
A routing table is a database repository that holds the router’s routing information that represents each possible logical destination network that is known to the router. The entries for major networks are…
How to configure VTP?
Before VLANs can be configured, VTP must be configured. By default, every switch will operate in VTP server mode for the management domain NULL, with no password or secure mode. The following…
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)
Administration of network environments that consists of many interconnected switches is complicated. Cisco has developed a propriety solution to manage VLANs across such networks using the VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) to exchange…
Virtual LANs(VLAN)
VLAN Membership When a VLAN is provided at an access layer switch, an end user must be able to gain membership to it. Two membership methods exist on Cisco Catalyst switches: static…
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) – II
STP States To participate in STP, each port of a switch must progress through several states. A port begins in a Disabled state moving through several passive states and finally into an…
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) – I
A Layer 2 switch, which functions as a transparent bridge, offers no additional links for redundancy purposes. To add redundancy, a second switch must be added. Now two switches offer the transparent…